Hypoxia-like tissue injury and glial response contribute to Balo concentric lesion development

Hypoxia-like tissue injury and glial response contribute to Balo concentric lesion development

OBJECTIVE To clarify the pathogenic factors and mechanisms underlying the development of concentric demyelinating lesions in Balo disease. METHODS We conducted serial clinical, MRI, and histopathologic assessments of concentric lesion formation in a case of relapsing Balo disease. RESULTS The patient experienced 2 attacks caused by left parietal and left frontal lesions in 5 years. In MRI f...

Pathognomonic MR imaging findings in Balo concentric sclerosis.

Irregular, concentric zones of increased signal on T2-weighted cranial MR imaging studies may strongly suggest Balo concentric sclerosis (BCS), a rare but recognized variant of multiple sclerosis. Differentiating BCS from multiple sclerosis or neoplasm can be difficult clinically, but MR imaging findings noted in this case may be pathognomonic.

How Political Science Can Contribute to Public Health: A Response to Gagnon and Colleagues

Specific glial functions contribute to schizophrenia susceptibility.

Schizophrenia is a highly polygenic brain disorder. The main hypothesis for disease etiology in schizophrenia primarily focuses on the role of dysfunctional synaptic transmission. Previous studies have therefore directed their investigations toward the role of neuronal dysfunction. However, recent studies have shown that apart from neurons, glial cells also play a major role in synaptic transmi...

Glaucomatous tissue stress and the regulation of immune response through glial Toll-like receptor signaling.

PURPOSE To determine the regulation of immune system activity associated with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in glaucoma. METHODS Retinal protein samples obtained from human donor eyes with (n = 10) or without (n = 10) glaucoma were analyzed by a quantitative proteomic approach involving mass spectrometry. Cellular localization of TLR2, -3, and -4 was also determined by immunohistochemica...